Research project : "Banalizing Genomics: The invisible success of the molecularization of non-rare thrombophilia" The spread of the genetic test for non-rare thrombophilia is an interesting successful case of the application of genomics in clinics, established less than two decades after the discovery of the two genetic markers associated with the predisposition for thrombosis. While other innovations in the field of genomics have been surrounded by public outcry or debate, these tests have been almost unnoticed. Still largely unnoticed, the genomic reconfiguration of this predisposition instantiates a new innovation pattern marked by the marginality or even absence of geneticists. “Banalizing genomics” serves here as an ambivalent process which regards, on one hand, the normalization of genomic information, which is increasingly used as any other layer of biological data, and, on the other, the geneticization of medical practice, which is increasingly affected by genetics. This research intends to identify and analyze the conditions that have made the banalization of such tests possible, and the various challenges that this process poses to public health. It comprises two axes: a history of the scientific and clinical validation and subsequent inclusion for national insurance coverage of genetic testing for NRT in France and a study of the test’s rapid incorporation into the routine medical practice of relevant specialties. Biography Since completing his PhD at the University of Padova with a dissertation on prenatal genetic diagnosis, Mauro Turrini has worked on the relationship between new genetics and society as post-doctoral fellow in several international institutes, including the University of Padova, the Institute for Advanced Studies on Science, Technology and Society of the Alpen Adrien University (Graz, Austria), the Department of Social Sciences, Health and Medicine at King’s College London (as a visiting fellow) and as a Marie Curie research fellow at the University of Paris 1 “Panthéon Sorbonne”. Currently, he is a member of both the Paris 1 research unit CETCOPRA (Centre for the Study of Technology, Knowledge & Practice), the working group on High-Throughput Genomics of the research unit CERMES3 (Paris), and the AFS (French Association of Sociology) working group 41 on “Body, Technology, and Society”.

As part of artistic exchanges, the IAS-Nantes is presenting the exhibition "Artisans" (craftsmen) by Christophe Delory until June, 27. "Every day thousands of small-scale tradesmen go about their work, in some cases with great passion. I’ve been photographing these workers, artisans in particular, since 2016. Each tradesman’s portrait came about by word of mouth. For the portrait of this large family, I was recommended by the former clients, associations, friends, brothers and sisters of these artisans. They welcomed me into their workplaces, some with apprehension, others with great camaraderie. I worked with film in black and white using a large camera 4X5-inch, a noble and selective photographic technique. Each take produced 4 to 8 photographs, so each shot required a lot of precision and respect for the photographic process adding to the need for more intense concentration. Serge was the catalyst for this project, after coming to my house to fix a leaking roof, I could see just by watching him the pride he took in his work. Photograpers can identify themselves as artists, the most prestigious status and also as craftsmen, the most noble one. For me, they share the same soul and this is what I have tried to convey in these portraits, the mutual respect for a labour of love. To my fellows-in-arms," Chirstophe Delory

In recent years, Turkey has been dominated by a very clear trend towards the political and ideological hardening of the governing party, the Justice and Development Party (AKP), under the authority of its founder and leader, president Erdoğan. For many, this represents an authoritarian shift which is fueled by nationalism and Islamism, coupled with populism and majoritarianism. For historians, the challenge is not so much to describe and analyse a system that is still in its infancy, but rather to examine the existence (or lack) of permanency that could explain the emergence of this regime. Does Erdoğan represent a break with a political tradition which seemed to be moving towards a greater liberalization, or is he merely a kind of epiphenomenon, driven by an age-old movement which links him to Kemalist or Young Turk traditions, or even older movements, going as far back as the reign of Abdülhamid II?

Eberhard Kienle is research director at the CNRS in the field of sociology and political economy in the Middle East. He also was director of the French Institute of the Middle East between 2013-2017. His lecture will be held in the Simone Weil Amphitheater and is titled "The resilience of the failing State". The recent political developments in the Middle East are reminiscent of the fragility of states once considered stable, consolidated and even strong. According to the dominant narrative, the trajectory of Syria and Iraq is marked by their disintegration which, in the end, should result in their disappearance. Without denying the centrifugal dynamics, this intervention explores the factors that provide "failed states" with residual resilience and thus confirm the failings of an already contested concept.

Interview de Michel Volle dans le cadre du projet " Les métamorphoses des relations Etat/Entreprise " sur le thème : " Anatomie de l'entreprise : pathologies et diagnostics " "L’Entreprise contre l’Etat ?" de Pierre Musso Dans le cadre de sa résidence à l’Institut en tant que membre associé, Pierre MUSSO a mené un premier cycle d’un séminaire pluriannuel d’un groupe de réflexion qui s’est réuni à plusieurs reprises à Nantes et à Paris autour des métamorphoses relations de l’Etat et de l’Entreprise. Les relations de l’Etat et de l’Entreprise se métamorphosent. Considérer sur le long terme et d’un point de vue anthropologique, comme une institution, l’Entreprise semble imposer sa vision et sa normativité managériale à l’Etat. Elle domine l’économie et l’innovation technologique et étend son emprise dans les domaines culturel et politique. «L’Entreprise pense, l’Etat dé-pense », pourrait-on résumer. En France, l’Etat semble sacralisé, même s’il tend à s’affaiblir, et la grande Entreprise est plutôt l’objet de critiques ou de passions contrastées alors qu’elle tend à se renforcer à l’échelle mondiale. L’Etat et l’Entreprise sont producteurs de cultures, de signes, de rites, de symboles, de concepts et de représentations sociales. D’un côté, l’Etat a des missions étendues et incarne « l’intérêt général », le service public, la nation ou la justice, de l’autre l’Entreprise défend l’efficacité, le profit et la production de biens et services. Mais l’entreprise est-elle même une institution ou une organisation, ou tout simplement l’exercice d’une liberté, celle d’entreprendre ? C’est à ces problématiques dans le cadre des séminaires de l’Institut d’études avancées de Nantes, par un collectif de chercheurs de diverses disciplines, des responsables d’entreprises privées ou publiques et des hauts fonctionnaires, tente de répondre. Sous la direction de Pierre Musso avec la participation de Marc Chopplet, Pascal Daloz, Corine Eyraud, Pascal Feillard, Jacques Fournier, Jean-Christophe Gracia, Samuel Jubé, Thibault Le Texier, Romain Laufer, Pierre Musso, Jean Peyrelevade, Baptiste Rappin, Claude Riveline, Jean-Philippe Robé, Alain Supiot, Arnaud Teyssier et Michel Volle.

Interview de Romain Laufer, dans le cadre du projet " Les métamorphoses des relations Etat/Entreprise " sur le thème : " Peut-on faire l'économie de l'incertitude ? " "L’Entreprise contre l’Etat ?" de Pierre Musso Dans le cadre de sa résidence à l’Institut en tant que membre associé, Pierre MUSSO a mené un premier cycle d’un séminaire pluriannuel d’un groupe de réflexion qui s’est réuni à plusieurs reprises à Nantes et à Paris autour des métamorphoses relations de l’Etat et de l’Entreprise. Les relations de l’Etat et de l’Entreprise se métamorphosent. Considérer sur le long terme et d’un point de vue anthropologique, comme une institution, l’Entreprise semble imposer sa vision et sa normativité managériale à l’Etat. Elle domine l’économie et l’innovation technologique et étend son emprise dans les domaines culturel et politique. «L’Entreprise pense, l’Etat dé-pense », pourrait-on résumer. En France, l’Etat semble sacralisé, même s’il tend à s’affaiblir, et la grande Entreprise est plutôt l’objet de critiques ou de passions contrastées alors qu’elle tend à se renforcer à l’échelle mondiale. L’Etat et l’Entreprise sont producteurs de cultures, de signes, de rites, de symboles, de concepts et de représentations sociales. D’un côté, l’Etat a des missions étendues et incarne « l’intérêt général », le service public, la nation ou la justice, de l’autre l’Entreprise défend l’efficacité, le profit et la production de biens et services. Mais l’entreprise est-elle même une institution ou une organisation, ou tout simplement l’exercice d’une liberté, celle d’entreprendre ? C’est à ces problématiques dans le cadre des séminaires de l’Institut d’études avancées de Nantes, par un collectif de chercheurs de diverses disciplines, des responsables d’entreprises privées ou publiques et des hauts fonctionnaires, tente de répondre. Sous la direction de Pierre Musso avec la participation de Marc Chopplet, Pascal Daloz, Corine Eyraud, Pascal Feillard, Jacques Fournier, Jean-Christophe Gracia, Samuel Jubé, Thibault Le Texier, Romain Laufer, Pierre Musso, Jean Peyrelevade, Baptiste Rappin, Claude Riveline, Jean-Philippe Robé, Alain Supiot, Arnaud Teyssier et Michel Volle.

IEAoLU’s Tuesdays come back in December with a new conference: Chantal Mouffe will give the last presentation of 2017 on the topic “The populist challenge”: “ In “The populist challenge” I will examine the reasons why we are currently witnessing a ‘period of populism’ with the emergence of movements which are constructing a political boundary based on the opposition between ‘the people’ and ‘the establishment’. I will argue the case that it is actually a form of resistance to ‘post-democracy’ which is the consequence of neo-liberal hegemony. Such resistance can be expressed using very different vocabulary, and that is where the difference between right-wing and left-wing populism can be found.”

Research project: Religion, Trade and Locality in a Chinese Diaspora in France China, as a material entity and a cultural and political experience, transcends local, regional and national boundaries. This study examines the business and religious lives of diasporic Wenzhou merchants at a time when China’s likely role in the global market economy is compelling. China’s political economy today is characterised by the continued significance of the state, moral contingencies, and aggressive business outreach. In the last three decades Wenzhou merchants have prospered through skilfully negotiating with the state and through production and trade. Their businesses have spread in China and across the globe. However, the cultural resources they have used to accumulate initial capital and sustained their business networks remain understudied. The research focuses on a group of Wenzhou merchants who have formed large Christian communities at home, along with migrant enclaves in France. It will explore their transnational business practices as well as how they (re)construct moral and native-place identities through the idiom of Christianity. Biography Nanlai Cao is Associate Professor of religious studies at Renmin University of China. After graduating from Beijing University with a degree in sociology, he trained as a sociologist of religion at Fordham University in the USA and then did his PhD in anthropology at the Australian National University. He currently serves as an editorial board member of Sociology of Religion: A Quarterly Review (Oxford UP) and a council member of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion. His areas of research interest include anthropology and sociology of religion, transnational migration and urban ethnography. His recent field research projects explore the complex religious dynamics of globalisation with a focus on transnational religious and trading networks that connect China to the outside world. Nanlai Cao is the author of Constructing China’s Jerusalem: Christians, Power, and Place in Contemporary Wenzhou and co-editor of Religion and Mobility in a Globalizing Asia: New Ethnographic Explorations. His new book project explores the life and faith of recent Chinese immigrants to Europe.

Research Project Two posthumous books by Italo Calvino (Lezioni americane: sei proposte per il prossimo millennio, 1988, Perché leggere i classici, 1991) reassure us about the interest and validity that could be found in an attempt to construct an aesthetic history of six useful ideas for the 21st century, namely: humanity, finitude, beauty, truth, forgiveness and hope. The aim is to situate the development of each idea using aesthetic objects – images produced by painting, photography or cinema, the sounds of music, the sounds and meanings of poetry - within the framework of western cultures, without excluding the possibility of exploring other horizons of civilization, such as Hindustani and African, given the presence of colleagues specialised in these fields at the Institute. For each idea, we have chosen a specific field of aesthetic production (but this is liable to change as the project progresses): images for humanity and truth, poetry for finitude and forgiveness, and music for beauty and hope. Initial goals: to put together exhibitions over a three-year period on three of the six ideas selected and to gather critiques, coincidences or refutations which colleagues have been able to draw from their own fields of study, i.e. sociological theory and practice, anthropology, philosophical systems and old and new branches of historiography. Biography Born in 1946 in Buenos Aires, José Emilio BURUCUA obtained a PhD in History of Arts from Buenos Aires University in 1985. He was full Professor of Modern History In the same institution from 1986 until 2004. From April 2001 to April 2004, he was Director of the Institute of Theory and History of the Arts "Julio E. Payró" (School of Philosophy, Buenos Aires University). From 2004 onwards, he has been full professor of Problems of Cultural History at the National University of San Martín (UNSAM), where he led the Master’s Program of Art History from 2004 to 2008. He has published books and papers on the history of perspective, the historical relationships among images, ideas, techniques and materials of colonial painting in South America. Visiting professor at the universities of Oviedo (Spain) and Cagliari (Italy), Directeur d’Études at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris (1999, 2000, 2005), Winter Visiting Scholar at the Getty Research Institute (Los Angeles, California) in 2006, Gastwissenschaftler at the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz during winter 2007, visiting professor at the Collège de France (2008, 2013), Fellow at the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin in the academic year 2012-2013 and Fellow at the IAS-Nantes in 2015-2016. He is a member of the National Academy of Fine Arts in Buenos Aires. He is the director of Eadem utraque Europa, a magazine published by the Centre for Cultural and Intellectual History "Edith Stein" at the National University of San Martín (UNSAM). On 8th November 2016 he also became a member of the National Academy of History (Argentina).

Research Project: "Meditation with Open Eyes" During his residency Atul Dodiya proposes to paint a series of small scale paintings/drawings on paper as a playful experiment in reversal from his current studio practice of exploring almost « cacophnic », extreme, diverse images on large metal shop-shutters. This tenure will allow a time for meditative observations. The image of Saints in European painting and the depiction of Krishna in the Bhagavad Purana are very much on his mind. In recent years he has written and published creative text in Gujarati and plans to continue his writing during the fellowship. Biography Atul Dodiya was born in 1959, Mumbai,India. Widely considered as one of India’smost significant artists,Atul Dodiya was trained in Mumbai, at Sir JJ School of Art, 1982 and École des Beaux-Arts (Paris),1991-1992 He became known in the Nineties for hyperrealist paintings depicting middle-class Indian life and for his watercolour series on Mahatma Gandhi. His paintings are populated by diverse traditions in painting, the written words, images from the media and of saints, legends, national history, political events, traumata and autobiograpical narratives. His allegorical paintings on canvas or metal roller shutters and watercolours may be aggressive or poetic. Atul Dodiya has had more than 30 solo shows in India and abroad, which includes a mid career retrospective at Japan Foundation Asia Centre, Tokyo in 2001, a solo show in Reina Sofia Museum, Madrid in 2002, Contemporary Arts Centre, Cincinnati, US in 2013, a major survey show of his work held at the National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi, 2013. Participated in Yokohama Triennale,2001, Venice Biennale, 2005 Documenta 12,2007,Gwangiu Biennale, 2008, Moscow Biennale, 2009,Biennale Jogia XI, 2011, Asia Pacific Triennale, Brisbane, 2012, and Kochi Muziris Biennale, Kochi,India ,2012.