Dans le cadre du cycle de conférence de la fondation Institut d'Etudes Avancées de Nantes, Arnaud Montebourg, avocat, entrepreneur, ancien député de Saône-et-Loire, ancien ministre de l'économie, du redressement productif et du numérique, a présenté " Actualité de la démondialisation ", introduit par Pierre Musso, Philosophe et membre associé de l'Institut d'Etudes Avancées de Nantes.

En partenariat avec l’université de Nantes et la Casa de Velazquez se déroulera au Château du 25 au 28 juin et interrogera l’usage qui a été fait à travers le temps, en fonction des lieux et des contextes, du mot "esclavage" autour des spécialistes des mondes africain, américain et européen en résidence à l’IEA de Nantes.

En partenariat avec l’université de Nantes et la Casa de Velazquez se déroulera au Château du 25 au 28 juin et interrogera l’usage qui a été fait à travers le temps, en fonction des lieux et des contextes, du mot "esclavage" autour des spécialistes des mondes africain, américain et européen en résidence à l’IEA de Nantes.

En partenariat avec l’université de Nantes et la Casa de Velazquez se déroulera au Château du 25 au 28 juin et interrogera l’usage qui a été fait à travers le temps, en fonction des lieux et des contextes, du mot "esclavage" autour des spécialistes des mondes africain, américain et européen en résidence à l’IEA de Nantes.

Research Project : Scenes of translation The aim is to demonstrate that translation is the creation of reciprocity, including in situations of asymmetry and domination as in the colonial context. Admittedly, more often than not translation shows a profoundly unequal relationship between languages, but it must also be recognized that the best response to linguistic domination, to the division into imperial languages and subaltern or dominated languages, is still translation. We shall therefore focus our study on the role of the “interpreters of the colonial administration”, these intermediaries who often also became translators of cultures and oral literature in the imperial language, thus demonstrating the value of knowing how to think and create from language to language. The transformation of the status of interpreter, from simple spokesperson to the position of translator, is an important development which will be the subject of consideration. The second scene of translation will be the religious arena in which languages are classified into sacred languages and secular languages. The aim here will be to discuss certain questions (theological, philosophical and political) raised by the act of translating, horizontally as it were, from a language declared sacred into other human languages, and the divine word which has itself already been translated, vertically, into human words. The third scene of translation will concern the so-called “Timbuktu Studies” which, in West Africa, refer to a tradition of written scholarship which calls into question the essentialist and reductionist definition of African cultures based in orality. It also highlights the importance of Muslim clerics who were known as “the non-europhone intellectuals”. The study of the tradition of study that has been established in intellectual centres the most famous of which is Timbuktu, will also address the question of the philosophical future of African languages through translation. Both fellows and visiting scholars will share their reflections on this project and its various themes, which may result in the publication of a collective volume on the Scenes of translation described here Biography Souleymane Bachir Diagne is an alumnus of the École Normale Supérieure, he holds an “aggregation” in Philosophy (1978) and he took his Doctorat d’État in philosophy at the Sorbonne (1988). Before joining Columbia University in 2008 he taught philosophy for many years at Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar (Senegal) and at Northwestern University in Chicago. His field of research includes history of logic, history of philosophy, Islamic philosophy, as well as questions of African philosophy and literature. His book Bergson postcolonial. L’élan vital dans la pensée de Senghor et de Mohamed Iqbal, was awarded the Dagnan-Bouveret prize by the French Academy of Moral and Political Sciences for 2011 and that same year he received the Edouard Glissant Prize for his work. Souleymane Bachir Diagne’s most recent publications are L’encre des savants. Réflexions sur la philosophie en Afrique; Comment Philosopher en islam; Philosopher en islam et en christianisme (avec Philippe Cappelle-Dumont).

Research Project: Violence and Nonviolence in Islamic Foundational Texts and Practice The modern discussion of whether Islam promotes or prohibits violence is steeped in political and religious controversy, and has been shaping the public discussion of Islam in all its aspects. There is no point denying that Muslims who commit acts of religious/political violence find legitimacy and empowerment in a wide array of religious and historical texts and in the historical Muslim practice. There is also a tradition, which has existed throughout Islamic history, of nonviolence displayed in a rich legacy of religious and ideological diversity and tolerance among Muslims and between Muslims and non-Muslims. The two traditions have been seen as opposites and as reflecting different worldviews. I argue that we must avoid this binary compartmentalization of the issue: Islam is violent or Islam is nonviolent, this form of Islam is nonviolent and that form of Islam is violent, etc. Instead, my research project will focus on examining violence and nonviolence in Islam as reflective of unresolved struggle in the foundational texts (e.g., the Qurʾan, the Hadith of Muhammad, etc.) and the historical tradition and practice. The objective is to understand the nature and rationale of this struggle, and the way it has impacted Muslims’ practice of violence and nonviolence. Previous research project ( Fellowship 2012-2013) : "Radicalization of Jihad Ideology in Crusader Syria: Religious Fanaticism or Political Manipulation?" This research project examines a number of works on jihad produced in Syria during the Crusader period, and which have not been used in modern scholarship on the Muslim response to the Crusades or jihad in Islam. The project has four aspects: First, Suleiman Mourad will survey these works, analyze their introductions and the broad topics they cover, and determine the jihad vision they promote. Second, he will examine the involvement of rulers in the commissioning and promotion of these works. Third, he will study the scholars who produced them, determine what influenced them and how their jihad works influenced later scholars. And fourth, he will investigate the maneuvering of Muslim rulers who pursued diplomatic overtures with local Crusader and European leaders yet actively sponsored scholars to produce and disseminate militant visions of jihad against Crusaders and fellow Muslims.

Research project: The Self and the Political: History of social movement against large dams In the last three decades, the social movement against the large dam on river Narmada in India has powerfully challenged the notion of development adopted since independence. This movement is arguably one of the most important dissenting political and social thoughts in recent Indian history. This proposal makes a case for writing a history of the social movement through subjective lens of the pioneering feminist scholar-activists. This inquiry on history of the social movement will foreground the making of the “agentic subjective selves” of these citizen activists who provided the force, thinking, and motivation for the movement leading to the significant shifts in the policy on large dams not just in India but also internationally. This research inquiry will be a genealogical analysis —a critical history of the present. It will be a reflexive interpretation of processes, events and ideas leading to the dissenting practices, and it will shed light on how the contemporary practices and institutions of the social movement emerged out of struggles, conflicts, alliances, and contradictions involving both intrapsychic and intersubjective agentic selves. Biography Esha Shah is an engineer by training and anthropologist and historian of science and technology by professional choice and self-learning. Since her doctorate from the Wageningen University in the Netherlands, she has worked on history and anthropology of technology in India on the divide of modernity and democracy. More recently, she has been developing her research interests on the way human subjectivity relates to modes of rationality, including objectivity in science. She has held research and teaching positions at the Institute of Social and Economic Change (ISEC) in Bangalore, Institute of Development Studies (IDS) at University of Sussex, UK, and Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences of Maastricht University, the Netherlands. Between 2013 and 2015 she was a fellow at the Indian Institute of Advanced Study in Shimla where she worked on a monograph that re-interprets the history of reductionism in genetic science over the twentieth-century as seen through the subjective lenses of life-histories of the pioneering scientists. In January 2017 she joined the department of Environmental Sciences at the Wageningen University in the Netherlands in the position of Assistant Professor.

Research project: Making Markets Beyond The State: The politics of law and knowledge This project aims to shed light on one central paradox in the process of the transnationalisation of markets. In liberal democracies, markets are political ’all the way down’. Beyond the state, however, we see largely de-politicised transnational markets, limited in terms of who has political subjectivity (who are the stakeholders), who governs (the role of experts) but also in the range of ways in which those markets can be regulated (e.g. lacking (re)distribution). How can we explain the impending integration of depoliticised transnational markets - a project that would be largely imaginable within nation state boundaries?’ Drawing on recent attempts at creating Transatlantic markets with Canada and the US, Marija Bartl will analyse how the coproduction of law and knowledge serves to legitimise and naturalise depoliticised transnational markets. Biography Marija Bartl is Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law, Amsterdam, and a senior researcher at the project ’The Architecture of Post-National Rulemaking’. She wrote her PhD thesis at the European University Institute in Florence. Marija Bartl’s current research focuses on the relationship between democracy, expertise and market integration. Recently, she was awarded a personal research grant VENI for a project ’Bringing Democracy to Markets: TIIP and the Politics of Knowledge in Postnational Governance’. In this project she explores the interrelation between democracy, knowledge production and market-making on the background of the transatlantic trade negotiations.

Research project: Beyond the boundaries of pleasure and violence: A new social history of sexuality in Beirut This interdisciplinary project focuses on the former Hotel Carlton in Beirut, which had been a central locus of pleasure and violence in Lebanon’s capital over a fifty year period. Methodologically, the project draws on anthropology, history, and literature. The project is a partly fictionalized biography of the Carlton that is based on the examination of administrative and personal records as well as on ethnographic interviews. This approach allows for an assessment of the hotel from an intimate vantage point intended to provide a new social history of sexuality in Lebanon that pays close attention to the social, political, and religious constituents of the country’s capital city. Biography Sofian Merabet is a socio-cultural anthropologist whose expertise lies in the modern Middle East (with a particular focus on Lebanon and Syria) and the wider Muslim world, including Muslim immigrant communities in Europe and the Arab Diaspora in South America (especially Argentina). His interdisciplinary research analyses the human geography of queer identity formations and the social production of queer space as constitutive features of wider class, religious, and gender relations. His professional interests draw on comparative methodologies and approaches ranging from religious and cultural history to the politics of sexuality. With a PhD in anthropology from Columbia University in New York, Sofian Merabet has taught at the American University of Beirut, the University of Louisville, and New York University. Since 2009, he has been on the faculty of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Texas in Austin.